25 May 2010

Doc Music

Tobias Wilner, a composer for films, TV and documentaries, gave an excellent talk at Hot Docs about his process of creating music specifically for documentaries: 

I like silence, especially in documentaries.

It’s a documentary, so why even use music? You maybe use it to keep the attention of people or create a mood.

One of the most common mistakes I encounter when directors give me a cut with rough music in it is they have put too much music and too many different themes in it.

I ask to first see the movie with no music, and let’s see if you need music at all. Because sometimes lighting a cigarette can be music. You don’t really need to put so much music in a movie. And if you want to do it, why do you want to use it? Do you want to use it to describe a character? Do you want to describe where you are in the world?

Usually we end up using less music than the director originally wanted to. Because he’s so bored with his movie. He’s watched it so much. But he has to remember that a good piece of music you can listen to 2,000 times and never get bored, but a movie you watch once or twice. So you can actually use the same music a lot. You don’t need to change so much. And then the film will flow better.

There is a Finnish documentary called The 3 Rooms of Melancholia that is a masterpiece both as a film and for the music.

I like to get involved a little before the editing is finished, because music can actually change the mood of the film, maybe make a scene longer. The filmmaker will usually have to do another week of editing once the music is placed.

I try to use music like a poem — to bring together what’s behind the lines.

“My head is made out of stars, but it is not yet arranged into a constellation.” (Elias Kaneti)
That’s how I feel when I go in to help a director. He has all this video and has to start organizing it. When you organize the pictures, you can actually create art. It’s the same with the music.

The Advocacy Part of It

Who carries forward the social issue once the film is done and the filmmaker may be moving on to other projects?

There are two models. One is that the filmmaker is very involved in the outreach part of it. But that is not necessary. You can build partnerships with other people who are passionate about the issue that will carry on that agenda. (Patricia Finneran, Managing Producer, Sundance Institute Documentary Film Program)

After completion of the film Budrus, we built up partners that were advocacy oriented. (We didn’t use them to help fund the film because we didn’t want to build expectations of what editorially is going to be in the film.) Disparate groups are now using the film as a way to talk about non-violent resistance — from political activists to religious organizations both Muslim and Jewish. (Julia Bacha, Filmmaker, Budrus)

Here are some social issue sites related to documentary:

Active Voice
Putting a human face on public policy. Using film, television and media to spark social change.

Witness
Basically a socially relevent You Tube for human rights. Their tagline: See it. Film it. Change it.

MediaRights
An online database of films that are socially relevant. Become a member and have your film listed. Find potential collaborators, funders and outreach partners.

Samara
Their purpose is to educate and help cause change. Their current project does something nobody’s ever done before — conducting exit interviews with outgoing Members of Parliament in Canada with the idea to gain vital information and feedback on how best to improve the experience of current and future PMs.

ViewChange on LinkTV
A digital media hub that highlights progress in reducing hunger, poverty and disease in developing nations by harnessing the power of storytelling.

Storytelling vs. Advocacy

Is there a place for films that don’t have an overt social agenda? Or is everything becoming advocacy-driven?

We’re looking for good filmmaking and it’s not necessarily always advocacy-oriented with a big A. It can be just finding within a film the opportunity for certain kinds of lessons. Good storytelling is good storytelling and it can meet people in many different places. That’s what we’re really looking for. (Orlando Bagwell, Ford Foundation)

We see filmmakers as the storytellers, the ones who make the product that get the people excited. (Patricia Finneran, Managing Producer, Sundance Institute Documentary Film Program)

Even if you may get some feedback about why aren’t you making this more clear, more overt, in my experience in the long-term everybody has come around. Every funder who at first may have been wanting us to take a stronger stand on something has seen that the impact is much stronger if the storytelling is the driving force of the film. And that is it’s character-driven and about the experience of individuals, that’s what is ultimately going to touch audience members. Not the exact pitch of what you want them to do afterwards. People are not going to respond as much to that as being emotionally carried through a story. (Julia Bacha, filmmaker, Budrus)

Social Issue Doc Funders

An inside look at what a few of the foundations and funders are looking for (straight from the people who run the programs). Cinereach looked particularly interesting to us because of their interest in more subtle storytelling versus in-your-face advocacy.




Ford Foundation
Orlando Bagwell, Director, Freedom of Expression—Education, Creativity and Free Expression Program

• We want good narratives. We want films that can have impact.

• The filmmakers are the storytellers. We link you with others to help do other parts like the web part or the social issue action. We build a connected community.

• How do you want to move people? Ford Foundation wants to know and to be active in how you do that, finding strategic partners.

• Interested in using narrative to try to move people to take action about things they care deeply about.

• Interested in how media and documentary can become a critical part of the Foundation’s vision for social change.

• We’re trying to provide a connected community of all our grantees, not just the media ones, but the social justice grantees also. The media work is the one area in our foundation that is underlying all other parts of the foundation.

• We want filmmakers to be filmmakers. We fund Sundance, ITVS, Active Voice, Witness. We bring them to the community of all the people we work with. The idea is that we want to bring you, the filmmaker, to a connected community that is going to serve what you do. We don’t expect you to do it all yourself.





Cinereach
Philipp Engelhorn, Executive Director and Co-Founder

• We are a grant-making organization that funds social issue documentaries done in an artful way. Less advocacy-based, more subtle storytelling. Often allows both sides of the issue to embrace the film. Did Jesus Camp.

• We tend to get involved early on in projects.

• The questions we ask when considering a project: What is the filmmaking craft? Is the story being artfully told? Is there a real passion from the filmmaker? Is it going to be entertaining? Is it a great piece of filmmaking? That’s our top criteria. And then we look at the issue being addressed. We favor story over message, character over agenda, complexity over duality.

• One of our projects, FilmAid, was working with refugees to help them make their own films. We did not mandate what the films were about. We just provided some training and let them create. Then we had a film festival in refugee camps, and the films also travelled.





Sundance Institute
Patricia Finneran, Managing Producer, Sundance Institute Documentary Film Program

• We look for quality of storytelling, potential for social impact, the creative vision of the filmmaker, track record. We don’t look at distribution strategies.

• Sundance’s mandate is still to support feature-length cinematic storytelling. They we partner with other foundations and organizations to work on other aspects. The inter-connections with the foundation community are very strong. Starting to get in with one entity leads you to introductions and relationships with others.





They fund, present and promote documentaries and dramas on public television and cable and innovative new media projects on the web. Their tagline: Diverse stories. Independent filmmakers. Award-winning documentaries. On TV, online and in communities.



For more funders, check the helpful lists at Cinereach and at DocAgora. 

Also check the Foundation Center, Arts Engine and Grantmakers in Film & Electronic Media.

18 May 2010

Finding Funding Partners

Notes from the Hot Docs industry session Engage My Film about finding and working with foundations, organizations and third sector business to fund your film. Especially for social issue documentaries. Watch the session.

Know the rules of engagement up front when partnering with funders and distributors — particularly who has creative control and who owns it. Filmmakers should not give up their storytelling expertise when partnering. Remember you’re there because you’re storytellers and you know how to do that. Don’t give that up. That’s what they want you for. (Orlando)

The trend is moving away from getting public television funding or finding another broadcasting partner but to instead finding partners like foundations or social sector groups. (Patricia)

I don’t think that equity investment works — people investing in a single film for the purpose of making money. A single film is just always going to be too risky versus investing in several films and spreading the risk around. (Michael)

As you build up funders, you are building up an audience for your film ahead of time. This can also be a good selling point to potential distributors. (Julia)

It may not make sense for you to go directly to Ford Foundation for funding, but look at what foundations and organizations they work with. The best place to start may be small. Make connections. Build it slowly. Most foundation people know each other and once you get one funder, the connection can lead to other funders. (Patricia)

Look at other similar films and see who funded them. Before you call the funder, call the filmmaker and find out how things worked for them. (Patricia)

Also look to organizations that are about the issue your film is about. For example, Global Fund for Children advances children’s issues and it offers a media grant.

Your job as a filmmaker when going to possible funders is to articulate clearly what your film is going to do, perhaps what it’s not going to do and to negotiate that space in between. You can also offer to partners, short-form content not used in your feature that they can use on their website. (Patricia)

I started a non-profit justvision.org around an issue to fund my film projects. (Julia)

Fiscal sponsorship — some foundations require it if they only fund non-profits. Ford Foundation funds both for-profit and non-profit projects. They would rather put more money directly into the pocket of the filmmaker to make the film than have it go to the fiscal sponsor. Sundance grants are also to the artist directly. Cinereach currently can only fund non-profits, so they have a list of organizations that can provide fiscal sponsorship. (These orgs usually take 5–6%.)



Patricia Finneran (moderator), Managing Producer, Sundance Institute Documentary Film Program (USA)
Julia Bacha, Filmmaker, Budrus (USA)
Orlando Bagwell, Director, Freedom of Expression—Education, Creativity and Free Expression Program, Ford Foundation (USA), also former independent producer
Dan Cogan, Executive Director and Co-Founder, Impact Partners (USA)
Philipp Engelhorn, Executive Director and Co-Founder, Cinereach (USA)
Michael MacMillan, Co-Founder and Chair, Samara (Canada)
Andy Whittaker, CEO, Dogwoof (UK)

17 May 2010

Doc Publicity and Marketability

A few marketing bits and pieces I picked up from the industry sessions at HotDocs 2010:

1. Rather than thinking about the website as a way to drive people to see your doc, flip that around and think of it the opposite way. Use your feature linear doc as a way to drive people to the web doc, to the interactive doc, the real content.

2. Theatrical doesn’t make money, but it’s how you get the publicity, the reviews.

3. It is about all types of media, not just the film. That’s a reality. Find partners to help you with the areas that you don’t have the skills for or don't want to do.

4. A film has to have a website because often people respond to what they know immediately. They’re reacting to the film, so the film's website is probably the first place they’re going to go to look for something else, more information, more content.

5. If the media is talking about the same subject matter as your doc, it makes your doc relevant.

6. What you’re going to get people to pay for is what they can’t find elsewhere for free and what can’t be stolen. What can’t be stolen is the interactive element. Non-linear storytelling gives them options in how they experience the content which can get them coming back again and again.

7. People love contests. It doesn't have to be a big prize.

16 May 2010

More Online Doc Sites to See

Examples of non-linear storytelling:

globallives.org
The Global Lives Project is a cross-continental collaboration aimed at building a video library of the human experience online. It started with a grassroots effort to document a day in the life of 10 regular folk around the world who represent the diversity of the world’s population.

havana-miami.tv
Each week, three videos from Havana, three videos from Miami, over three months. Follow everyday life as experienced by six young men and women from each city. Includes a timeline, profiles of people and a searchable graph that sorts videos by tagged topic.

theplaceswelive.com
The Places We Live is a series of stunning 360º photogrpahs and audio stories that take you across continents and into the lives of twenty families living in urban slums.

cityofmemory.org
City of Memory is an urban story map of New York City with stories from people and neighborhoods of the present and the past. Includes curated as well as user-submitted stories.

gdp.nfb.ca
GDP: Measuring the Human Side of the Canadian Economic Crisis is a bilingual project that features an interactive map and timeline embedded with videos, audio slide shows, photos and comments, sortable by theme.

prisonvalley.arte.tv
Prison Valley explores the prison industry and the Colorado community whose economy is based upon it. I haven't checked this one out yet. You have to register to take advantage of all the embedded interactivity and to explore the spaces and characters within the content. Supposedly a dense and richly rewarding media experience with stunning cinema verité video.

justvision.org
The creators of the feature documentary Budrus started a nonprofit to help fund the making of their film and talk about the issues involved. Their plan is to have 5-minute videos that you can pause and link to other videos or what people are saying about it or find more information.

oneocean.cbc.ca
One Ocean takes a more traditional approach where online content acts as a support to an educational documentary tv series. It's a place to learn more about the topic and play games.



Kensington Communications creates and produces television and interactive media. Check out the links to Interactive Projects in the right column. Here are a couple of examples:

The City Sonic project features location-based storytelling and a gaming component built around mobile smartphones. Each short film tells the story of one musician and their shared history with a noted Toronto music venue. You can get bonus information or prizes when accessing pieces on your mobile while you are at specific locations.

Diamond Road Online was launched in conjunction with a TV series about the gem. The site contains a database of over 300 documentary sequences with more than 10 hours of video. It allows users to follow their own interests. You can choose to follow a particular character or a specific theme or let the online recommendation engine tell you a more continuous story. Intelligent software analyzes what you've already seen, combines it with content ratings from other users and then recommends what should be seen next. At any time you can become an editor by creating, commenting on or sharing your own mini-documentaries with the online community. View a demonstration of how Diamond Road Online was constructed and how it works. Uses Web 2.0. Uses collaborative filtering and personal recommendations. Every piece of content is tagged with keywords. The content creator can also tag a sequence as an introductory clip so that it would play before anything else related to that story.